Acid rain forms due to the combustion (burning of fossil fuels). This occurs in industrial processes such as the generation of power in coal burning power stations or during domestic processes such as driving a car. The combustion of fossil fuels releases harmful gases into the atmosphere, including sulphur dioxide and nitric oxide gases, which can react with water vapour in clouds to form sulphuric acid and nitric acid, respectively.
Although acid rain can be caused by humans, it is also a naturally occurring phenomenon: all rain is slightly acidic, due to carbon dioxide in the atmosphere reacting with water vapour in clouds to form small amounts of carbonic acid.
In short, acid rain is formed due to gases in the atmosphere reacting with water vapour in the atmosphere to form acidic substances.
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